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Classification of QR Code

Two-dimensional code is also called two-dimensional bar code. The common two-dimensional code is QR Code, and the full name of QR is Quick Response. It is a very popular encoding method on mobile devices in recent years. It can store more than traditional Bar Code. The information can also represent more data types. IP68 scanner

Two-dimensional bar code/two-dimensional bar code (2-dimensional bar code) is a pattern that uses a certain geometric pattern to be distributed on a plane (in a two-dimensional direction) according to a certain rule, black and white, and records data symbol information; The above cleverly uses the concept of "0" and "1" bit streams that form the basis of the internal logic of the computer, and uses several geometric shapes corresponding to binary to represent text and numerical information, which can be automatically read by image input equipment or photoelectric scanning equipment In order to realize automatic information processing: it has some common features of barcode technology: each code system has its specific character set; each character occupies a certain width; it has a certain check function, etc. At the same time, it also has the function of automatically identifying different lines of information, and processing graphics rotation change points.
On August 3, 2016, the Payment and Clearing Association issued the "Barcode Payment Business Specification" (draft for comments) to payment institutions. The draft comment clearly pointed out the security standards that payment institutions need to follow to carry out barcode services. This is the first time that the central bank has officially recognized the status of QR code payment after it stopped the QR code payment in 2014.
The amount of information carried by one-dimensional barcodes is limited. For example, the barcode on the product can only hold 13 EAN-13 Arabic numerals. More information can only rely on the support of the product database. There is no such barcode without the pre-established database. Makes sense. Therefore, to a certain extent, the application range of barcodes is also limited. For this reason, two-dimensional barcodes were invented in the 1990s. In addition to the advantages of one-dimensional barcodes, two-dimensional barcodes also have the advantages of large amount of information, high reliability, confidentiality, and strong anti-counterfeiting. Since its birth, it has received extensive attention from the international community. At present, two-dimensional barcodes mainly include PDF417 codes, Code49 codes, Code 16k codes, Data Matrix codes, Matxi Code codes, etc., which are mainly divided into two categories: stacked or layered and checkerboard or matrix. PDF417 code PDF417 code is developed by American SYMBOL company and is currently the most widely used two-dimensional code. Data Matrix Code Data Matrix is mainly used for the identification of small parts in the electronics industry, such as the code printed on the back of Intel's Pentium processor. Maxi Code Maxi Code is developed by the United Parcel Service UPS company for parcel sorting and tracking and other fields.
According to the principle
In the code preparation, clever use of the concept of "0" and "1" bit streams that form the basis of the internal logic of the computer, using several geometric shapes corresponding to the binary to represent the text and numerical information, through the image input device or the photoelectric scanning device Automatic reading to realize automatic processing of information. Among many types of two-dimensional bar codes, the commonly used code systems are: Data Matrix, MaxiCode, Aztec, QR Code, Vericode, PDF417, Ultracode, Code 49, Code 16K, etc. The QR Code was invented by the Japanese company DW in 1994. QR comes from the abbreviation of "Quick Response" in English, which means quick response. It comes from the inventor's hope that the QR code can quickly decode its content. QR codes are most commonly found in Japan and South Korea; and are currently the most popular two-dimensional barcodes in Japan. However, the security of QR codes is also being challenged. Malware and viruses are becoming a stumbling block on the road to popularization of QR codes. The development and prevention of the abuse of QR codes is becoming an urgent problem to be solved.
Each code system has its specific character set; each character occupies a certain width; it has a certain check function and so on. At the same time, it also has features such as automatic recognition of different lines of information and processing of graphics rotation changes. Two-dimensional code is a bar code format that is more advanced than one-dimensional code. One-dimensional codes can only express information in one direction (generally the horizontal direction), while two-dimensional codes can store information in both horizontal and vertical directions. One-dimensional codes can only be composed of numbers and letters, while two-dimensional codes can store information such as Chinese characters, numbers and pictures, so the application fields of two-dimensional codes are much wider.
Two-dimensional barcodes/two-dimensional codes can be divided into stacked/lined two-dimensional barcodes and matrix two-dimensional barcodes. The stacked/row-by-row two-dimensional bar code is formed by stacking multiple short-cut one-dimensional bar codes; the matrix two-dimensional bar code is formed in the form of a matrix, and the corresponding element position of the matrix is represented by a "dot" to indicate a binary "1" ", "Empty" is used to represent binary "0", and the arrangement of "dot" and "empty" constitutes the code. The principle of the two-dimensional code can be described from the principle of the matrix two-dimensional code and the principle of the determinant two-dimensional code.

Stacked/lined
Stacked/lined two-dimensional barcodes are also called stacked two-dimensional barcodes or layered two-dimensional barcodes. The coding principle is based on one-dimensional barcodes, which are stacked into two or more rows as needed. It inherits some of the characteristics of one-dimensional barcodes in terms of coding design, verification principles, and reading methods. The reading equipment is compatible with barcode printing and one-dimensional barcode technology. However, due to the increase in the number of rows, the rows need to be judged, and the decoding algorithm and software are not exactly the same as one-dimensional bar codes. Representative two-dimensional bar codes in row and row are: Code 16K, Code 49, PDF417, MicroPDF417, etc.
Matrix QR code
Matrix 2D barcode (also known as checkerboard 2D barcode) is encoded in a rectangular space through different distributions of black and white pixels in the matrix. At the position of the corresponding element of the matrix, the appearance of dots (square dots, dots or other shapes) is used to represent binary “1”, and the absence of dots represents binary “0”. The arrangement and combination of dots determine the matrix two-dimensional bar code. The meaning of representation. Matrix two-dimensional bar code is a new type of graphic symbol automatic recognition processing code system based on computer image processing technology and combined coding principles. Representative matrix two-dimensional barcodes are: Code One, MaxiCode, QR Code, Data Matrix, Han Xin Code, Grid Matrix, etc.
Commonly used code systems are: PDF417 two-dimensional barcode, Datamatrix two-dimensional barcode, QR Code, Code 49, Code 16K, Code one, etc. In addition to these common two-dimensional barcodes, there are Vericode barcode, Maxicode barcode, CP barcode, Codablock F barcode, field code, Ultracode barcode and Aztec barcode.
By business
Two-dimensional code applications can be divided into two categories: read type and main read type according to different business forms.
Read business
The platform sends the QR code to the user's mobile phone via MMS, and the user holds the mobile phone to the scene, and scans the mobile phone through the QR code machine for content identification. After the application party encrypts the business information and compiles it into a QR code image, it sends the QR code to the user's mobile terminal by SMS or MMS, and the user uses the special reading device at the service outlet to access the mobile terminal. The two-dimensional code image is read and authenticated and used as a voucher for transaction or identity recognition to support various applications.
Main reading business
The user installs the QR code client on the mobile phone, uses the mobile phone to take and recognize the QR code pictures printed on media, newspapers, etc., obtain the content stored in the QR code and trigger related applications. The user uses the mobile phone to take a QR code image containing specific information, decodes it through the mobile client software, and triggers various related operations such as surfing the Internet, reading a business card, and making a call on the mobile phone, so as to provide users with various information services.

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